Enhancing routine immunization efforts for older adults and frail individuals: Good practices during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Italy.

Infectious diseases pose a significant burden on the general population, particularly older adults who are more susceptible to severe complications. Immunization plays a crucial role in preventing infections and securing a healthier aging, but actual vaccination rates among older adults and frail individuals (OAFs) remains far from recommended targets. This study aims to collect and share good practices implemented in several Italian local health districts during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to ease routine immunization for OAFs. A 28-items questionnaire has been developed to collect information on organization aspect of immunization services and local good practices implemented before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Twelve Public Health managers representative of 9 Italian Regions were further interviewed between January and March 2021. Despite literature suggests several effective interventions to increase vaccine demand, improve vaccine access, and enhance healthcare providers' performance, our survey highlighted substantial heterogeneity in their implementation at local level. Seven good local practices have been identified and described: mass vaccination centers; vaccination mobile units; drive-through vaccination; co-administration; tailored pathways; cooperation among providers involved in vaccination; digitization. Our survey pointed out valuable strategies for enhancing routine immunization for OAFs. Providers should combine effective interventions adequate to their specific context and share good practices.

Gender-inclusive consumer studies improve cassava breeding in Nigeria.

Including gender research in cassava breeding makes it easier for farmers to adopt new varieties that meet the specific needs and preferences of both male and female farmers, leading to increased adoption of new varieties, improved productivity, and better economic outcomes for the entire farming community. Gender was included in 2013 in variety development at the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, Nigeria in response to the dis-adoption of some varieties by farmers who had not been part of varietal development from the start, and in light of social roles which influence the responsibilities, resources and livelihood outcomes of men, women and youths. Gender inclusion has given plant breeders accurate information about the cassava traits preferred by all end-users, not just male farmers. At NRCRI, gender studies intensified in the last 5 years, contributing to the development and release of improved varieties. Quantitative and qualitative research by the gender cross-cutting team modeled trait profiling and consumer preferences, to aid demand-led breeding. Some of the methods were acquired at several trainings on how to quantify qualitative responses for prioritization. Gender research techniques include participatory varietal selection (PVS), participatory plant breeding (PPB), mother-baby trials, focus group discussions (FGD), surveys, value chain mapping, G+ tools, experiments in farmer field schools (FFS), demonstration farms, and tricot. These gave the cross-cutting team a better understanding of gender relations, power, decision-making, ownership and control of resources, and have mitigated operational and field challenges during the surveys. These methods also elicited feedback from end-users that led to better naming of newly released varieties, reflecting perceptions of agronomic performance, and food qualities, which made the varieties easier to identify and remember.

Effect of the cleaning and disinfection methods on the hygienic conditions of fermentation tanks of table olives (Olea europaea L.) Negrinha de Freixo cultivar.

This study aimed to evaluate and identify the microbial community attached to the surfaces of fermenter tanks used in table olive Negrinha de Freixo cultivar processing through molecular analysis and verify if the cleaning/disinfection was done correctly. Four fermentation tanks previously used in table olive processing were sampled at three different inside areas: upper, middle, and lower. Before sampling, four cleaning/disinfection methods were applied to the tanks, including (i) pressurised water; (ii) a disinfectant product used to clean bowls (Vasiloxe); (iii) 10% sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda liquid); and (iv) a disinfectant product used by the wine industry (Hosbit). For each sample collected, mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeast and moulds (YMC), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as well as total coliforms (TC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. The results showed significant differences between the different cleaning/disinfection methods applied. The fermenter sanitised with only pressurised water showed a greater abundance of microorganisms than the others. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria were the predominant population, with counts ranging between 2.63 and 5.56 log10 CFU/100 cm2, followed by the moulds (3.11-5.03 log10 CFU/100 cm2) and yeasts (2.42-5.12 log10 CFU/100 cm2). High diversity of microbial communities was observed between the different fermenter tanks. The most abundant species belonged to Aureobasidium, Bacillaceae, Cladosporium, and Rhodotorula genera. LAB, TC, and P. aeruginosa were not detected. This study hopes to improve hygienic conditions and increase the quality assurance and safety of the final product.

Systematic review of Erasmus+ projects labelled as good practice and related to e-learning and ICT: Some case studies.

This article focuses on the methodology applied for the review of European educational projects, within the framework of Erasmus+, labelled as good practices and that are related to electronic learning or the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education. In addition, some of the projects that have passed all the research phases and have proven to be sustainable over time are analyzed. The projects presented represent different educational sectors and propose learning systems through ICT with the involvement of students and/or teachers. As they are good practice projects, the article can contribute both to the use or transfer of the resources developed in these projects, and to be able to inspire new projects in those lines of work. The main factors that have contributed to the success of the projects are their usefulness for the educational community beyond the time of funding, the use of innovative methodologies applied with teachers and students, establishing them in the participating institutions. Another notable fact is the good collaboration and rapport between all the project partners who worked to get common objectives.

The growing role of telemedicine - possibilities and regulations concerning teleradiology in Poland.

In recent years, imaging studies have become increasingly used at various stages in the management of patients with various conditions and disorders. This process results in a necessity to provide an increasing number of exams, which involves a growing role of radiologists in assessing and reporting those exams. The article discusses tele-radiology as a method that can improve access to radiology services, presenting its potential benefits, as well as the risks involved. It analyses access to radiology healthcare services in Poland in the context of the international and Polish legal provisions concerning the right to healthcare. While funding for imaging studies for patients is widely available and imaging equipment in Poland is improving despite some shortages, the main barrier is identified in the number of specialists capable of assessing the exams. Teleradiology can alleviate this shortage, so the article presents legal provisions and international good practice guidelines in this area, focusing on documents issued by the European Society of Radiology, the American College of Radiology, and the British Royal College of Radiologists. The guidelines concerning such aspects as patients' rights, teleradiologists' qualifications, communication and reporting, responsibility, and technical requirements may help make teleradiology a safe and valuable component of the healthcare system in Poland.

Exploring buyer's preferences to propose strategies to improve dog welfare in Brazil.

This study aimed to investigate trends and concerns related to the commercialization of dogs in Brazil. The authors analyzed 1,500 ads for the sale of Miniature Schnauzer, Chihuahua, and German Spitz breeds using the methodology of hedonic price analysis. Marginal and relative values of attributes were calculated for puppy sex, coat, age, pedigree, vaccination and deworming, seller type and region, using ordinary least squares. The most valued attributes for each breed were identified as selling by kennels, pedigree, and coat color. The results suggest that this market niche is willing to pay for guarantees of better dog breeding, which represents an opportunity for the development of certification labels for origin and good practices for kennels. Such labels could become an effective strategy to ensure greater transparency and better welfare standards in the Brazilian dog market. This study also provides valuable insights for the development of guidelines and public policies aimed at improving animal welfare and reducing information asymmetry in the pet market.

Recommendations of good practice to prevent aspiration pneumonia in older adults at risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia living in nursing homes: A modified e-Delphi study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a subset of pneumonia caused by the aspiration of food and fluids to the lungs and is highly prevalent in the older population. Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is one of the risk factors for AP and it is also associated with malnutrition, dehydration and poor functional outcomes. As pneumonia is the second most common infection in nursing homes (NHs) and OD represents a major concern to NH staff, good practices for the prevention of AP in older adults at risk of OD are needed. PURPOSE: The aim of this modified e-Delphi study is to build consensus among a panel of experts regarding a set of recommendations for NH staff on good practices to prevent AP in older adults at risk of OD living in NHs. The objective of this paper is to establish the methodology inherent to the Delphi study. METHODS: An online modified Delphi study will be developed in three rounds. Criteria for the Delphi panel participants include holding a master's or doctoral degree in OD or speech and language therapy; or having 10 or more years of experience in OD; or having at least one scientific publication related to OD. A previously described modified Delphi methodology will be used to achieve consensus (75% agreement). An additional round will be performed to collect the experts' perspectives regarding the priority for application of each recommendation previously validated. DISCUSSION: This protocol aimed to describe the methodology of a future Delphi study on the prevention of AP, seeking to fulfil the gap in the literature regarding this topic. The modified Delphi technique is a widely used method for collecting experts' opinion in health sciences, but the absence of standardised guidelines allows some heterogeneity between studies with the same aim. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is related to three main risk factors: impaired safety of swallow, impaired nutritional status and poor oral health. It is known that being dependent for feeding is one of the main risk factors for AP and around 50% of nursing home (NH) residents need feeding assistance. Thus, it is important to promote specialised intervention and care by the NH staff for preventing AP. What this paper adds to existing knowledge It is hypothesised that increasing the knowledge of NH staff regarding the best practices for preventing AP in older adults at risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) will improve outcomes such as quality of life, incidence of AP and mortality. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? The recommendations resulting from this study will address a current gap in healthcare practice of NH staff regarding older adults at increased risk for OD and, consequently, for AP.

Avances en el trabajo de equipos multidisciplinares para la atención al paciente con asma grave no controlada. Una visión post-COVID (Proyecto TEAM 2.0) / Advances in the work of multidisciplinary teams for the care of patients with severe uncontrolled asthma. A post-COVID vision (TEAM 2.0 project)

El asma es una enfermedad respiratoria crónica con un alto impacto sanitario, social y económico, en particular, en el caso del asma grave no controlada (AGNC). Por ello, son especialmente necesarias nuevas estrategias para mejorar su abordaje, con un enfoque personalizado a cada paciente y desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar, además de integrar las nuevas prácticas de telemedicina y telefarmacia impulsadas a raíz de la pandemia de COVID-19. En este contexto se ha desarrollado el proyecto TEAM 2.0 («Trabajo en Equipos de Asma Multidisciplinares»), continuación del proyecto TEAM llevado a cabo en 2019, con el objetivo de actualizar y priorizar buenas prácticas de trabajo multidisciplinar en AGNC en un contexto post pandemia y analizar los avances conseguidos. Un grupo coordinador, constituido por 8 equipos multidisciplinares de farmacéuticos hospitalarios, neumólogos y alergólogos, llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica actualizada, puesta en común de buenas prácticas multidisciplinares y análisis de avances. A través de 5 reuniones regionales con otros expertos con experiencia en AGNC, se compartieron las buenas prácticas identificadas y fueron sometidas a debate, evaluación y priorización. En total, 23 buenas prácticas de trabajo multidisciplinar en AGNC, agrupadas en 5 ámbitos de trabajo: 1) organización del trabajo en equipos multidisciplinares, 2) educación al paciente, autoadministración y adherencia, 3) resultados en salud, seguimiento de datos y persistencia, 4) telefarmacia y experiencias implantadas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y 5) formación e investigación, fueron evaluadas y priorizadas por 57 profesionales del ámbito de la farmacia hospitalaria, la neumología, la alergología y la enfermería. Este trabajo ha permitido actualizar la hoja de ruta de acciones prioritarias, para seguir avanzando en modelos óptimos de atención al paciente con AGNC en un contexto post-COVID-19. (AU)

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with a high health, social and economic impact, particularly in the case of Severe Uncontrolled Asthma (SUA). For this reason, new strategies are especially necessary to improve its approach, with a personalized approach to each patient and from a multidisciplinary perspective, in addition to integrating the new telemedicine and telepharmacy practices promoted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the TEAM 2.0 project (“Work in Multidisciplinary Asthma Teams”) has been developed, following the TEAM project carried out in 2019, with the aim of updating and prioritizing good multidisciplinary work practices in SUA in a post pandemic context and analyze the progress made. A coordinating group, made up of eight multidisciplinary teams of hospital pharmacists, pulmonologists, and allergists, carried out an updated bibliographic review, sharing of good multidisciplinary practices, and analysis of advances. Through five regional meetings with other experts with experience in SUA, the good practices identified were shared and subjected to debate, evaluation and prioritization. In total, 23 good multidisciplinary work practices in SUA, grouped into five work areas: 1) Organization of work in multidisciplinary teams, 2) Patient education, self-management and adherence, 3) Health results, data monitoring and persistence, 4) Telepharmacy and experiences implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and 5) Training and research, were evaluated and prioritized by 57 professionals from the field of Hospital Pharmacy, Pulmonology, Allergology and Nursing. This work has made it possible to update the roadmap of priority actions to continue advancing in optimal models of care for patients with AGNC in a post-COVID-19 context. (AU)

Factors motivating lebanese youth to adopt COVID-19 good practices: a cross-sectional study.

Background: It is now widely acknowledged that young people can be asymptomatic carriers of the COVID-19 virus. While vaccines are successful, COVID-19 good practices continue to be useful in controlling the virus transmission. This study aimed to investigate the associated risk factors impacting the youths' adoption of COVID-19 good practices in Lebanon. Methods: Data were collected through an online survey. The analyzed sample included 602 young people. Results: Our results indicate that around half the youth sample in our study adhere to COVID-19 good practices. COVID-19 good practices are more likely to be adopted by individuals who are more worried about their health and those who live with their partners. Furthermore, media trust was a significant predictor of COVID-19 good practices. Conclusion: Media can play a larger role in promoting good practices through youth-targeted programs. By identifying community influencers and encouraging peer-to-peer communication, it is possible to engage youth who distrust the media and persuade them to adopt COVID-19 good practices.

[Translated article] Advances in the work of multidisciplinary teams for the care of patients with severe uncontrolled asthma. A post-COVID vision (TEAM 2.0 project).

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with a high health, social and economic impact, particularly in the case of Severe Uncontrolled Asthma (SUA). For this reason, new strategies are especially necessary to improve its approach, with a personalized approach to each patient and from a multidisciplinary perspective, in addition to integrating the new telemedicine and telepharmacy practices promoted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the TEAM 2.0 project ("Work in Multidisciplinary Asthma Teams") has been developed, following the TEAM project carried out in 2019, with the aim of updating and prioritizing good multidisciplinary work practices in SUA in a post pandemic context and analyze the progress made. A coordinating group, made up of eight multidisciplinary teams of hospital pharmacists, pulmonologists, and allergists, carried out an updated bibliographic review, sharing of good multidisciplinary practices, and analysis of advances. Through five regional meetings with other experts with experience in SUA, the good practices identified were shared and subjected to debate, evaluation and prioritization. In total, 23 good multidisciplinary work practices in SUA, grouped into five work areas: 1) Organization of work in multidisciplinary teams, 2) Patient education, self-management and adherence, 3) Health results, data monitoring and persistence, 4) Telepharmacy and experiences implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and 5) Training and research, were evaluated and prioritized by 57 professionals from the field of Hospital Pharmacy, Pulmonology, Allergology and Nursing. This work has made it possible to update the roadmap of priority actions to continue advancing in optimal models of care for patients with AGNC in a post-COVID-19 context.

Advances in the work of multidisciplinary teams for the care of patients with severe uncontrolled asthma. A post-COVID vision (TEAM 2.0 project). / Avances en el trabajo de equipos multidisciplinares para la atención al paciente con asma grave no controlada. Una visión post-COVID (Proyecto TEAM 2.0).

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with a high health, social and economic impact, particularly in the case of Severe Uncontrolled Asthma (SUA). For this reason, new strategies are especially necessary to improve its approach, with a personalized approach to each patient and from a multidisciplinary perspective, in addition to integrating the new telemedicine and telepharmacy practices promoted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the TEAM 2.0 project ("Work in Multidisciplinary Asthma Teams") has been developed, following the TEAM project carried out in 2019, with the aim of updating and prioritizing good multidisciplinary work practices in SUA in a post pandemic context and analyze the progress made. A coordinating group, made up of eight multidisciplinary teams of hospital pharmacists, pulmonologists, and allergists, carried out an updated bibliographic review, sharing of good multidisciplinary practices, and analysis of advances. Through five regional meetings with other experts with experience in SUA, the good practices identified were shared and subjected to debate, evaluation and prioritization. In total, 23 good multidisciplinary work practices in SUA, grouped into five work areas: 1) Organization of work in multidisciplinary teams, 2) Patient education, self-management and adherence, 3) Health results, data monitoring and persistence, 4) Telepharmacy and experiences implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and 5) Training and research, were evaluated and prioritized by 57 professionals from the field of Hospital Pharmacy, Pulmonology, Allergology and Nursing. This work has made it possible to update the roadmap of priority actions to continue advancing in optimal models of care for patients with AGNC in a post-COVID-19 context.

Hygiene and biosecurity conditions of initial examination on-spot in Portugal: One step toward game meat safety.

Background and Aim: Due to the particularities of the first steps of the game food chain, large game species are shot, bled, and handled in collection points (spot of evisceration and initial examination in the field). These steps of the game meat chain affect the microbiological quality of this type of meat, thus posing a risk to consumers. This study aimed to characterize the collection points in terms of central hygiene and biosecurity procedures/requirements. Materials and Methods: One survey with 16 questions was applied in 95 hunting areas throughout Portugal. It was a convenience sample obtained by direct visualization on-spot procedures. Four categories were characterized in the survey: Initial examination (performance assiduity and type of operator performing it), hygiene requirements on-spot (floor, ceiling, water, and electricity), biosecurity procedures such on initial examination (use of personal protective equipment as gloves, glasses, mask, and specific clothes), and by-products disposal (destination and packaging of by-products). Results: Sixty percentage (n = 57) eviscerated the carcasses and performed the initial examination on-spot. Moreover, most of the time (n = 71), the initial examination was carried out by veterinarians. However, the category that showed the best results was those related to the biosecurity procedures on initial examination, mainly with the use of the individual protective material (e.g., regular use of disposal clothes and specific clothes). Concerning the questions about the disposal of by-products, 66 game managers say that this was done correctly (69%), being the majority destination of the inspected carcasses was the burial (64%; n = 47). Conclusion: This survey demonstrates an immediate need in all this problematic of the standardization of hygiene and biosecurity requirements of the collection points, which requires uniform application of rules. There is a lot of resistance and limitations to the inclusion of these requirements in collection points, due to lack of structural and financial conditions. However, training all those involved in the hunting area (hunters, game managers, authorities, etc.) creating rules that promote hunting food security and setting limits on the microbiological criteria of game meat are hot points to consider in the future.

ORGANIZATION OF OPHTHALMOLOGICAL CARE IN UKRAINE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To consider the organization of ophthalmological care in Ukraine for cataract and glaucoma and find out whether it is appropriate to implement advanced good practices of reference countries for Ukraine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The method of desk review was used, supported by secondary analysis of data, in particular legislative acts. The research included conducting expert interviews with ophthalmologist of the public and private sectors, heads of public healthcare institutions, and management of the National Health Service of Ukraine. We also used materials on good practices from partners within the project ID 22120107 supported by Visegrád Fund. RESULTS: Results: Since the burden of ophthalmological pathologies is increasing and processes of reforming the health care system are taking place, changes in the organization and financing of ophthalmological services are taking place. Within the framework of the partner project, "Access to healthcare services in the context of financing mechanisms. The case of ophthalmology" identified good practices in the organization of ophthalmological care in the context of improving access to services and improving quality. The results of interviews with key stakeholders led to the fact that the respondents generally support all the good practices proposed by the partner countries and indicate their arguments why the proposed practices are (not)appropriate to implement in Ukraine. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The organization and financing of healthcare in Ukraine still require the study and implementation of good practices so that patients can have access to quality services and treatment.

Laterality indices consensus initiative (LICI): A Delphi expert survey report on recommendations to record, assess, and report asymmetry in human behavioural and brain research.

Laterality indices (LIs) quantify the left-right asymmetry of brain and behavioural variables and provide a measure that is statistically convenient and seemingly easy to interpret. Substantial variability in how structural and functional asymmetries are recorded, calculated, and reported, however, suggest little agreement on the conditions required for its valid assessment. The present study aimed for consensus on general aspects in this context of laterality research, and more specifically within a particular method or technique (i.e., dichotic listening, visual half-field technique, performance asymmetries, preference bias reports, electrophysiological recording, functional MRI, structural MRI, and functional transcranial Doppler sonography). Experts in laterality research were invited to participate in an online Delphi survey to evaluate consensus and stimulate discussion. In Round 0, 106 experts generated 453 statements on what they considered good practice in their field of expertise. Statements were organised into a 295-statement survey that the experts then were asked, in Round 1, to independently assess for importance and support, which further reduced the survey to 241 statements that were presented again to the experts in Round 2. Based on the Round 2 input, we present a set of critically reviewed key recommendations to record, assess, and report laterality research for various methods.

A practical guide for studying human behavior in the lab.

In the last few decades, the field of neuroscience has witnessed major technological advances that have allowed researchers to measure and control neural activity with great detail. Yet, behavioral experiments in humans remain an essential approach to investigate the mysteries of the mind. Their relatively modest technological and economic requisites make behavioral research an attractive and accessible experimental avenue for neuroscientists with very diverse backgrounds. However, like any experimental enterprise, it has its own inherent challenges that may pose practical hurdles, especially to less experienced behavioral researchers. Here, we aim at providing a practical guide for a steady walk through the workflow of a typical behavioral experiment with human subjects. This primer concerns the design of an experimental protocol, research ethics, and subject care, as well as best practices for data collection, analysis, and sharing. The goal is to provide clear instructions for both beginners and experienced researchers from diverse backgrounds in planning behavioral experiments.

Criminological scoping reviews as part of a student assignment: methodological considerations.

In this article we reflect on the use of a scoping review method in the course of a student assignment. In total, 24 scoping reviews were conducted on police research topics, following the same procedure with similar yet topic-specific review protocols. We discuss each of the eight phases of the scoping review method and provide examples and good practices on how to conduct these steps. We also focus on difficulties that were experienced and how to overcome them in future scoping reviews. The aim of this article is twofold: providing criminological examples of scoping reviews that can help define new scoping review protocols and avoid difficulties experienced in these reviews on the one hand, and reflecting on students' participation in the assignment on the other hand to stimulate involving students in scoping review projects more often.

The Importance of Timing, Fundamental Attitudes, and Appropriate Interventions as Key Aspects of Chaplain Suicide Prevention: A European Expert Panel of Mental Health Chaplains.

An expert panel consisting of six mental health chaplains from several European countries was convened to ascertain the specific contribution of mental health chaplains to suicide prevention, and to generate good practices for suicide prevention. Three themes emerged: (1) the importance of timing; (2) fundamental attitudes of the chaplain towards the patient, and (3) appropriate interventions.

Análise dos indicadores de boas práticas durante a assistência no trabalho de parto e nascimento em um hospital terciário de Santa Catarina / Analysis of indicators of good practice during care in labor and birth at a tertiary hospital in Santa Catarina / Análisis de indicadores de buenas prácticas durante la asistencia en la labor de nacimiento y nacimiento en un hospital terciario de Santa Catarina

Objetivos: Analisar os indicadores de boas práticas de assistência à mulher no trabalho de parto e pós-parto imediato em um hospital terciário de Santa Catarina. Métodos: Estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, onde foi realizada análise de prontuários das pacientes admitidas, entre dezembro de 2021 a julho de 2022. Sendo uma pesquisa censitária, na qual todas as pacientes que preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade integraram o estudo. Resultados: Foram analisados 1328 prontuários, destes, 549 atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Observamos bons índices de partos normais (58,57%) quando comparados a média nacional, referente aos indicadores de boas práticas, o contato pele a pele ao nascer, amamentação na primeira hora de vida e clampeamento tardio são executados de maneira satisfatória, assim como, os baixos índices de episiotomia e parto instrumental. Contudo, a alimentação no trabalho de parto e utilização de métodos não farmacológicos possuem baixa adesão. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que o hospital estudado realiza, de forma global, boas práticas conforme o preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde e OMS. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Análise de Boas Práticas; Qualidade de Assistência à Saúde; Parto Humanizado; Trabalho de Parto; Métricas de Saúde.

Objectives: To analyze the indicators of good practices of assistance to women in labor and immediate postpartum in a tertiary hospital in Santa Catarina. Methods: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, where the analysis of medical records of the admitted patients was carried out, between December 2021 and July 2022. It is a census survey, in which all patients who met the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Results: 1328 records were analyzed, of which 549 met the inclusion criteria. We observed good rates of normal births (58.57%) when compared to the national average, referring to the indicators of good practice, skin-to-skin contact at birth, breastfeeding in the first hour of life and late clamp are performed satisfactorily, as well as the low rates of episiotomy and instrumental delivery. However, feeding in labor and the use of non-pharmacological methods have low adherence. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the hospital studied performs, in a global manner, good practices as recommended by the Ministry of Health and WHO. KEYWORDS: Analysis of Good Practices; Quality of Health Care; Humanized Delivery; Labor; Health Metrics.

Objetivos: analizar los indicadores de buenas prácticas para ayudar a las mujeres en el trabajo de parto y post parto inmediato en un hospital terciario de Santa Catarina. Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, transversal y retrospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo, donde se analizaron los registros médicos de los pacientes ingresados entre diciembre de 2021 y julio de 2022. Como encuesta censal, se incluyeron en el estudio todos los pacientes que cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad. Resultados: se analizaron 1328 registros, de los cuales 549 cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Se observaron buenos niveles de partos normales (58,57%) en comparación con la media nacional, referidos a indicadores de buenas prácticas, contacto cutáneo y cutáneo al nacer, lactancia materna durante la primera hora de vida y atadura tardía, se realizan de manera satisfactoria, así como los bajos niveles de episiotomía y parto instrumental. Sin embargo, la alimentación del trabajo de parto y el uso de métodos no farmacológicos son bajos. Conclusión: Se puede concluir que el hospital estudiado lleva a cabo, de manera global, buenas prácticas, como lo recomiendan el Ministerio de Salud y la OMS.

Systematization of initiatives in sexual and reproductive health about good practices criteria in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in primary health care in Chile.

Introduction The COVID- 19 pandemic discontinued sexual and reproductive health care in Chile and the world. The national focus on hospital care led primary care teams to respond in natural and diverse ways. Understanding the factors involved in this process may improve future responses from the judgment of good practices. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and systematize sexual and reproductive health initiatives raised by primary care teams in response to the COVID- 19 pandemic in Chile. Methods We systematically evaluated initiatives and practices in sexual and reproductive health in prima-ry care between June 2020 and November 2021. This study was developed in three methodological phases: a review of documents, a collection of experiences through an electronic instrument sent to the 29 health services in Chile, and in-depth interviews. According to best practice criteria, mapping and characterizing the initiatives and critical discourse analysis of narratives and interviews were carried out. Results Forty-one initiatives from 19 health services were identified, mainly from the South Central macro zone and urban areas. In these areas, care was recognized. These practices were relevant, aligned with their objectives, rapidly implemented, and used novel strategies through new technologies. However, these initiatives had little intercultural relevance or evaluation. Perceived success was related to motivation, leadership, and institutional and community resilience. The adaptability of initiatives emerged as a new need and criterion of analysis. Conclusion The lessons learned from these initiatives invite us to consider health care teams' mental health, their relationship with the community, the use of new technologies, the evaluation of practices considering satisfaction, cross- cutting approaches, and their adaptability. In all, these aspects may improve primary care response in sexual and reproductive health to new crises.

Introducción La pandemia de COVID- 19 ha implicado la discontinuidad de atención en salud sexual y reproductiva en Chile y el mundo. El foco en la contención hospitalaria de la pandemia llevó a los equipos de atención primaria a responder de manera innata y diversa. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y sistematizar iniciativas de salud sexual y reproductiva planteadas por equipos de atención primaria en respuesta a la pandemia COVID- 19 en Chile, con el fin de comprender y aprender de los factores involucrados en esta, para mejorar futuras respuestas desde la lógica de buenas prácticas. Metodología Estudio de sistematización de iniciativas y prácticas en salud sexual y reproductiva en atención primaria, entre junio de 2020 y noviembre de 2021. Fue desarrollado en tres fases metodológicas: revisión de documentos, recolección de experiencias a través de instrumento electrónico enviado a los 29 servicios de salud de Chile y entrevistas de profundización. Se realizó un mapeo y caracterización de las iniciativas y análisis crítico de discurso de narrativas y entrevistas, según criterios de buenas prácticas. Resultados Se identificaron 41 iniciativas de 19 servicios de salud, principalmente de la Macro Zona Centro- sur, urbanas y de reorganización de atención. Fueron prácticas pertinentes, alineadas a sus objetivos, con procesos rápidos de implementación, estrategias innovadoras, alto uso de tecnologías con escasa pertinencia intercultural ni evaluación. El éxito percibido se relacionó con motivación, liderazgo, y resiliencia institucional y comunitaria. La adaptabilidad de las iniciativas emergió como una nueva necesidad y criterio. Conclusión Son importantes los aprendizajes emanados de las iniciativas que invitan a considerar la salud mental de los equipos, su relación con la comunidad, el uso de tecnologías, la evaluación de las prácticas considerando satisfacción, enfoques transversales y la adaptabilidad de estas, para mejorar la respuesta de atención primaria en salud sexual y reproductiva ante nuevas crisis.

The Network of Services for COVID-19 Vaccination in Persons With Mental Disorders: The Italian Social Health System, Its Organization, and Bioethical Issues.

The adoption of restrictive measures aimed at curtailing the spread of SARS-CoV2 has had a harmful impact on socio-affective relationships, while limiting the scope of interventions and activities to promote social inclusion, with considerable negative repercussions for patients with mental disorders. Vaccination has been and will continue to be a valid tool to overcome the barriers of social isolation and to protect the health of this category of patients. In this paper we present an overview of the Italian network of social and healthcare services for COVID-19 vaccination among patients with mental disorders. Some aspects of medical ethics are discussed in order to share good practices for improving the health of this vulnerable group of people. We then consider the measures implemented by the health system in Italy to deal with the phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy before addressing the issue of autonomy and restricted access to vaccination points. Finally, we illustrate some of the perspectives already adopted by the Italian system, which may be useful to the global scientific community.